Cell cycle refers to the whole process of the cell from the completion of one division to the end of the next division, which is mainly divided into two stages: intermitotic phase and mitotic phase (M phase). The intercellular phase is mainly composed of the early phase of DNA synthesis (G1 phase), the late phase of DNA synthesis (S phase) and the late phase of DNA synthesis (G2 phase). The sequence of the whole cell cycle can be expressed as G1→S→G2→M. First of all, in G1 phase, cells mainly synthesize RNA and proteins to prepare materials and energy for cells to enter S phase. Then it enters S phase: the cells begin to synthesize DNA and some histones and other substances, and the cell DNA content begins to increase. Finally, the G2 phase: at this time, the DNA content of the cell has become twice that of the G1 phase, and has stopped DNA replication, to enter the mitotic phase to do a lot of protein and other material synthesis; If the cell is in the G0(Cells temporarily stop dividing, differentiating, and quiescence)/G1 phase, the DNA content of the cell is 1N; So cells in G2 have 2N DNA; The DNA content of S-phase cells between G1 and G2 was between 1N and 2N. In apoptotic cells, the nucleus will be concentrated and DNA fragmentation will occur, leading to the loss of part of genomic DNA fragments, so the DNA content is less than 1N, and the so-called sub-G1 peak, namely the apoptotic cell peak, appears on the fluorescence map detected by flow cytometry. Therefore, the cell cycle and state can be judged according to the content of cell DNA.

Apoptosis can also be detected by observing changes in cell light scattering by flow cytometry. When apoptosis occurs, the cytoplasm and chromatin are concentrated and the nucleus is fragmented, resulting in apoptotic bodies. Chromatin shrinks and cell density increases in pre-apoptosis stage. In the late stage of apoptosis, cells produce apoptotic bodies, and the light scattering of cells changes.

The Cell Cycle and Apoptosis Analysis Kit used the classic Propidium staining method to detect and analyze Cell Cycle and Apoptosis. Propidium iodide is able to embed in double-stranded DNA and cause it to fluoresce. The cycle and state of a cell can be distinguished by the characteristic that the fluorescence intensity is proportional to the content of double-stranded DNA and the regular change of DNA content in different cell cycles. This kit can be used for cell cycle and apoptosis detection of tissue cells, adherent or suspended cells (if used for cell cycle and apoptosis detection of tissue, the tissue must be digested into a single cell state before detection).

Storage and Handling Conditions

Transport with wet ice ; Stored at -20℃ away from light, dyeing buffer can be stored at 4℃; It is valid for 12 months.